附件2：李永智院长主题发言英文稿 .docx

在 OECD“学校作为创新驱动者”研讨会上的发言 Speech at the OECD Schools+ Meeting LI Yongzhi, President of the China National Academy of Educational Science Dear Stuart, ladies and gentleman, good afternoon, It is a great honor to have the opportunity to participate in this meeting. Innovation is the key to unlocking human progress and driving social development. The theme of this seminar is “Schools as Drivers of Innovation”, which I think implies that schools not only drive innovation in society, but also facilitate innovative thinking among students and in education. This is a highly relevant and important theme, and it reflects the organizers’ keen observation of the current times and their insightful perspectives on education. It also imbues schools with a renewed sense of purpose. The current wave of artificial intelligence is the result of human innovation, as exemplified by ChatGPT. Its technological breakthrough has been made possible by the availability of massive computing power, which has enabled large language models to possess reasoning abilities at an implementation level. For the first time, the probabilistic reasoning of AI has approximated the conceptual reasoning abilities of the human brain. Soon after its release, ChatGPT created a big buzz in the global education community, sparking intense discussions and debates. Recently, my academy held a salon that delved into the topic of ChatGPT and its potential impact on the future of education. The experts all agree that the new AI technology, represented by ChatGPT, will undoubtedly have a profound impact on education, much like the other transformative media technologies that came before it, such as writing, printing, and information technology. Firstly, generative AI will elevate the value of education from a knowledgecentric approach to one that prioritizes competencies. In the age of artificial intelligence, AI assistance is set to play an increasingly significant role in knowledge acquisition, turning knowledge into a dictionary-like resource. With AI assistance readily available to students at any time, similar to using a dictionary, the competencies 1 developed through knowledge acquisition will become increasingly valuable for students. Two decades ago, the OECD proposed the forward-looking DeSeCo framework for key competencies, which has been pivotal in shaping global education trends and driving the transformation and upgrading of education across countries. Secondly, generative AI will transform teaching methods from focusing on scores to an approach drive by process data. At the core of AI technologies are data, algorithms, and computing power. Traditionally, the quality of teaching has been evaluated based on students’ scores, where teaching is directed towards achieving high scores and changes in teaching methods are informed by the results of tests. AI technologies, however, have made it possible to record, store, analyze, and provide feedback on the data of teachers and students in real time, especially behavioral data. The adoption of AI technologies will therefore bring about profound changes in teaching and learning methods. Blended learning, flipped learning, ubiquitous learning, adaptive learning, and personalized learning will become the new normal, and customized teaching and assessment based on students’ abilities will also become a reality. Thirdly, generative AI will reshape the relationship between teachers and students from a person-to-person relationship to a teacher-machine-student relationship. While there is much debate over whether AI will replace teachers, we believe that this is NOT going to happen. Instead, AI will massively empower teachers. Our team has introduced the notion of versatile teachers and is conducting research on the technologies required for cultivating versatile teachers. We aim to create virtual teachers by analyzing the traits of outstanding teachers and equipping machines with these traits through the use of pre-trained transformers. This will reshape the traditional teacher-student relationship into a teacher-machine-student dynamic, creating a new educational landscape. Last but not least, generative AI will upgrade the teaching environment from traditional classrooms to digital learning spaces. With the aid of AI technologies, learning will transcend the constraints of time and space, allowing individuals to learn at their own convenience, anytime and anywhere. In 2022, China launched the National 2 Education Digitalization Strategic Action, which included the establishment of the Smart Education of China platform. Connecting 529,000 schools and serving over 18 million teachers and 291 million learners, the platform has attracted over 1 billion visitors and garnered close to 7 billion views, making it the world’s largest education resource center. The integration of these resources with school-based resources has created the data brain of each school and fostered a new teaching environment that is connected, open, shared, perceptible, and analyzable. Dear moderator, ladies and gentlemen, The impact of generative AI on education is just beginning to be felt, so it is understandable that some remain dismissive or doubtful, as AI has yet to reach its peak performance. However, we must not underestimate what AI can achieve in the future. It is critical that we approach technology with scientific rationality and fully comprehend its key features and potential. It is also important for us to evaluate and understand technology in a comprehensive and philosophical manner while remaining attentive to technological advancements so that we can fully grasp and harness the potential of technology to reshape education. The Seine River, with its picturesque bridges that connect people, serves as a metaphor for ChatGPT, a powerful and attractive technology that connects the present and future of education. While attending this gathering in Paris, I recall Bernard Stiegler’s philosophy that technology is not a negative or decadent force for humans, but rather a positive and historical construct. In the face of an uncertain future, our best stance would be to embrace technology with open arms. Thank you! 3